Chapter 1: vector analysis

References :

1-Bhag Singh Guru and Huseyin R. Hiziroglu Electromagnetic Field
Theory Fundamentals ,second edition copyright@2004

2-William H. Hayt and John A .Buck Engineering Electromagnetic ,sixth edition

3-schaum s outline of theory and problems of Electromagnetic , second edition


Material Syllabus :
First term

Vectors , coordinate system , Vector algebra
Coulomb s Law and electric field intensity
Gauss s law and divergence
Vector operator and divergence theorem
Energy density in electrostatic field
Second term
Capacitance
The steady magnetic field
The scalar and vector magnetic potential
Materials and inductance
10-The nature of magnetic material


Review :

What is a field? Is it a scalar field or a vector field?

It is defined as the behavior of a quantity in a given region in terms of a set of values, one for each point in that region. The value at each point of a field can be either measured experimentally or predicted mathematically. It can be scalar or vector field.
Also it can be define the field as follows :
It is a function that characterizes a physical entity at all points in a region. A scalar field is specified by a single number at each point in the region. A vector field demands the knowledge of both the magnitude and direction for its specification at each point in the region.

There are two Static field and Time –varying field . our study will be concentrated up on the Static field.



Electromagnetic field theory:
the study of electromagnetic field theory is vital to understanding many phenomena that take place in electrical engineering.


In the study of electrostatics, or static electric fields, we assume that:-
(a) all charges are fixed in space, (b) all charge densities are constant in time, and (c) the charge is the source of the electric field.
Our interest is to determine :-
(a) the electric field intensity at any point, (b) the potential distribution,
(c) the forces exerted by the charges on other charges, and(d) the electric energy distribution in the region.

In the study of magnetostatics, or static magnetic fields ,our interest is
to determine :-(a) magnetic field intensity, (b) magnetic flux density,
(c) magnetic flux, and (d) the energy stored in the magnetic field.



Chapter 1
Vectors analysis


Scalar:
A physical quantity that can be completely described by its magnitude
is called a scalar. For example: mass , time , temperature , work , and electric charge.

Vector:
A physical quantity that having a magnitude as well as a direction. For example: force, velocity, torque, acceleration , and electric field .

A vector quantity is graphically depicted by a line segment equal to its
magnitude according to a convenient scale, and the direction is indicated
by means of an arrow, as shown in Figure 1, where ( R ) ?represents a
vector directed from point 0 toward point p .