Plumbing Engineering-3

Pipe Lines:-
Pipe lines are used for transferring a large amount of water. They may construct from reinforced concrete, cast-iron or steel.
The pipe is also used for the distribution system in the city, in this case, the pipes of large sizes having many connections and branches for the supply network, cast-iron is mostly used.

Water Distribution System in Building
Water is usually received from city mains at about 50 psi (Ib/in2) (115 ft= 37 m).
1- Direct feeding method:-
It is the best systems at all, where water is not exposed to any pollution, and requires the presence of water in the network throughout the year and throughout the day and this system is divided into two sub-systems:

A) Feeding by network pressure:
This system is used when the pressure of water in the main pipe enough to supply the sanitary equipment in all stories of the building with water through daily times.
B) Direct feeding with the help of lifting pumps:
This system is used when the pressure of water in the main network was not enough to supply the sanitary equipment in all stories of the building because of the increase in consumption rate or to increase the height of a building.